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Ceftazidime

Intravenous
Intramuscular
Class
Antibiotics
Subclass
Third-generation cephalosporins
Generic name
cefTAZidime
Brand names
Fortaz®
Common formulations
Powder for parenteral solution
Contained in
Ceftazidime / avibactam (Avycaz®)
Dosage and administration
Adults patients
Bacterial meningitis
•
2 g IV q8h
Bone and joint infections
•
2 g IV q8h
Gynecological infections • Serious
•
2 g IV q8h
Hospital-acquired pneumonia
•
2 g IV q8h
Intra-abdominal infections • Complicated
•
2 g IV q8h
Lower respiratory tract infections in patients with immunocompromising conditions • Serious
•
2 g IV q8h
Sepsis
•
2 g IV q8h
SSTIs • Mild
•
0.5-1 g IV q8h
UTIs • Uncomplicated cystitis
•
250 mg IV q12h
Ventilator-associated pneumonia
•
2 g IV q8h
Bronchiectasis • Off-label
•
2 g IV q8h for 14 days
Native vertebral osteomyelitis • Off-label
•
2 g IV q8h for 6 weeks
Prosthetic joint infections • Caused by P. aeruginosa • Off-label
•
2 g IV q8h
Other off-label uses
•
Treatment of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis
Indications for use
Labeled indications
Adults
•
Treatment of bacterial meningitis
•
Treatment of bone and joint infections
•
Treatment of gynecological infections (serious)
•
Treatment of hospital-acquired pneumonia
•
Treatment of intra-abdominal infections (complicated)
•
Treatment of lower respiratory tract infections (uncomplicated)
•
Treatment of lower respiratory tract infections in patients with cystic fibrosis (caused by Pseudomonas)
•
Treatment of lower respiratory tract infections in patients with immunocompromising conditions (serious)
•
Treatment of sepsis
•
Treatment of SSTIs (mild)
•
Treatment of UTIs (pyelonephritis or complicated UTI)
•
Treatment of UTIs (uncomplicated cystitis)
•
Treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia
Off-label indications
Adults
•
Treatment of bronchiectasis
•
Treatment of native vertebral osteomyelitis
•
Treatment of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis
•
Treatment of prosthetic joint infections (caused by P. aeruginosa)
Safety risks
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to ceftazidime or any of its components or other members of the cephalosporin class
Warnings and precautions
C. difficile infection
•
Maintain a high level of suspicion, as Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea is reported with use of ceftazidime, and may present as mild diarrhea to more severe colitis.
Seizure, nonconvulsive status epilepticus, encephalopathy, coma, asterixis
•
Use caution in patients with renal impairment.
Specific populations
Renal impairment
eGFR 31-50 mL/min/1.73 m²
•
Start at dose of 1g. Maximal dose of 2g. Do not exceed frequency of q12h.
eGFR 16-30 mL/min/1.73 m²
•
Start at dose of 0.5g. Maximal dose of 1g. Do not exceed frequency of q24h.
eGFR 6-15 mL/min/1.73 m²
•
Maximal dose of 0.5g. Do not exceed frequency of q24h.
eGFR < 5 mL/min/1.73 m²
•
Maximal dose of 0.5g. Do not exceed frequency of q48h.
Renal replacement therapy
Continuous renal replacement
•
Reduce dose. Maximal dose of 2g. Maximal frequency of q12h.
Intermittent hemodialysis
•
Reduce dose. Start at a dose of 500 mg. Maximal dose of 2 g. Maximal frequency of q48h.
Peritoneal dialysis
•
Reduce dose. Start at a dose of 500 mg. Maximal dose of 1 g. Maximal frequency of q24h.
Hepatic impairment
Any severity
•
Use acceptable. No dose adjustment required.
Pregnancy and breastfeeding
Pregnancy
All trimesters • Australia Category: B1
•
Use only if benefits outweigh potential risks.
Breastfeeding
Acceptable for use during breastfeeding.
Unknown drug levels in breastfed infants.
Adverse reactions
Common 1-10%
•
Agranulocytosis, angioedema, bronchospasm, cholestasis, ↓ WBC count, ↓ blood neutrophil count, ↓ platelet count, hemolytic anemia, hypotension, ↑ blood eosinophil count, ↑ blood lymphocyte count, ↑ platelet count, ↑ serum TBIL, interstitial nephritis, jaundice, maculopapular rash, phlebitis, fever, injection site reactions, itching, vaginitis
Unknown frequency
•
Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis, aplastic anemia, asterixis, coma, encephalopathy, erythema multiforme, ↑ liver enzymes, myoclonus, pancytopenia, pseudomembranous colitis, abdominal pain, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, nausea, paresthesia, seizure, vomiting, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, urticaria
Interactions
Drug(s)
Check Interactions
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