Screening and diagnosis

Classification and risk stratification

Perioperative care

Quality improvement

Patient education

Nonpharmacologic interventions

Therapeutic procedures

Respiratory support

Follow-up and surveillance

Specific circumstances

Preventative measures

Medical management

Surgical interventions

Inpatient care

Diagnostic procedures

Diagnostic investigations

Insufficient evidence to make a recommendation.

Strongly favor this test or intervention.

The El-Ganzouri Risk Index (EGRI) is a clinical scoring system used to predict the difficulty of endotracheal intubation in adult patients undergoing surgery. This calculator is particularly useful in the field of anesthesiology, where it aids in preoperative assessment and planning. The EGRI takes into account several factors including patient history, physical examination findings, and specific anatomical characteristics to generate a score. A higher score indicates a higher risk of difficult intubation. It is important to note that this index should not be used in emergency situations where rapid sequence intubation is required, as it requires a thorough patient assessment. Additionally, it may not be applicable in pediatric populations or in patients with certain anatomical abnormalities or conditions that significantly alter airway anatomy.

El-Ganzouri Risk Index for endotracheal intubation (EGRI)

# Criteria
 ## Mouth opening
A. >= 4 cm (+0)
B. < 4 cm (+1)
## Thyromental distance
C. > 6.5 cm (+0)
D. 6.0-6.5 cm (+1)
E. < 6.0 cm (+2)
## Modified Mallampati class
F. I (soft palate, fauces, uvula, and pillars seen) (+0)
G. II (soft palate, fauces, and uvula seen) (+1)
H. III (soft palate and base of uvula seen) (+2)
I. IV (soft palate not visible) (+2)
## Neck movement
J. > 90 degrees (+0)
K. 80-90 degrees (+1)
L. < 80 degrees (+2)
## Ability to prognath
M. Yes (+0)
N. No (+1)
## Weight
O. < 90 kg (+0)
P. 90-110 kg (+1)
Q. > 110 kg (+2)
## History of difficult intubation
R. None (+0)
S. Questionable (+1)
T. Definite (+2)

# Conditions
- score >= 4
- score < 4
- score == 0

The Behavioral Pain Scale (BPS) is a clinical calculator used for assessing pain in intubated patients, specifically those who are unable to communicate verbally due to mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU). The BPS is a valuable tool for healthcare providers as it helps in the objective evaluation of pain, which is crucial for appropriate pain management and improving patient comfort. 

The BPS assesses three behavioral domains: facial expression, upper limb movements, and compliance with ventilation. Each domain is scored from 1 to 4, with a total score ranging from 3 (no pain) to 12 (maximum pain). 

The BPS is not applicable to patients who are sedated or paralyzed, as their ability to exhibit behavioral responses to pain is impaired. Additionally, it may not be suitable for patients with neurological impairments or those who have received neuromuscular blocking agents, as these conditions can also affect the patient's ability to express pain behaviorally.

Behavioral Pain Scale for pain assessment in intubated patients (BPS)

# Criteria
 ## Facial expression
A. Relaxed (+1)
B. Partially tightened (+2)
C. Fully tightened (+3)
D. Grimacing (+4)
## Upper limb movements
E. No movement (+1)
F. Partially bent (+2)
G. Fully bent with finger flexion (+3)
H. Permanently retracted (+4)
## Compliance with mechanical ventilation
I. Tolerating movement (+1)
J. Coughing but tolerating ventilation for most of the time (+2)
K. Fighting ventilator (+3)
L. Unable to control ventilation (+4)

# Conditions
- score <= 5
- score >= 6
- score == 0

The Critical Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT) is a clinical calculator used in the critical care setting. It is specifically designed for assessing pain in patients who are unable to communicate their pain, such as those who are intubated, sedated, or unconscious. The CPOT evaluates four different aspects: facial expressions, body movements, muscle tension, and compliance with the ventilator for intubated patients or vocalization for extubated patients. Each category is scored from 0-2, with a total score ranging from 0-8. Higher scores indicate a higher level of pain. The clinical utility of the CPOT is to guide pain management in critically ill patients, ensuring adequate pain control and minimizing unnecessary use of analgesics. There are no specific exclusion criteria for its use, but it may be less accurate in patients with certain neurological conditions that affect facial expression or muscle tone.

Critical Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT)

# Criteria
 ## Intubation status and vocalization or compliance with ventilator
A. Not intubated and talking in normal tone or no sound (+0)
B. Not intubated and sighing, moaning (+1)
C. Not intubated and crying out, sobbing (+2)
D. Intubated and tolerating ventilator or movement (+0)
E. Intubated and coughing but tolerating (+1)
F. Intubated and fighting ventilator (+2)
## Facial expression
G. Relaxed, neutral (+0)
H. Tense (+1)
I. Grimacing (+2)
## Body movements
J. Absence of movements (+0)
K. Protection (+1)
L. Restlessness (+2)
## Muscle tension
M. Relaxed (+0)
N. Tense, rigid (+1)
O. Very tense or rigid (+2)

# Conditions
- score <= 2
- score >= 3
- score == 0