Table of contents
Eclampsia
Background
Overview
Definition
Eclampsia is the presence of new-onset grand mal seizures in women with preeclampsia.
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Pathophysiology
Eclampsia is caused by preeclampsia.
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Disease course
Clinical manifestations of eclampsia include hypertension, proteinuria, generalized edema, and convulsions with headache, RUQ epigastric pain, and visual changes either antepartum, intrapartum, or postpartum. Eclampsia is associated with increased maternal complications, including HELLP syndrome, abruptio placentae, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, pulmonary edema, acute renal failure, aspiration pneumonia, cardiopulmonary arrest, liver hematoma, and respiratory distress syndrome.
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Prognosis and risk of recurrence
Eclampsia is associated with a mortality rate ranging from 0-1.8% in developed countries and 14% in developing countries.
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Guidelines
Key sources
The following summarized guidelines for the evaluation and management of eclampsia are prepared by our editorial team based on guidelines from the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada (SOGC 2022), the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD 2021), the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver (AISF 2016), and the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America ...
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