The Prevention and Incidence of Asthma and Mite Allergy (PIAMA) score is designed to evaluate the risk of asthma in children by considering various demographic and health-related factors. The process involves collecting specific input information and assigning predefined numerical values to each response. These values are summed to produce a total score, which helps in predicting the likelihood of developing asthma by school age.

Here is how each factor contributes to the overall score:

- **Sex:**
  - Female: 0 points
  - Male: 2 points

- **Medium/low parental education:**
  - Yes: 1 point
  - No: 0 points

- **Parental asthma:**
  - Yes: 4 points
  - No: 0 points

- **Preterm birth (< 37 weeks):**
  - Yes: 1 point
  - No: 0 points

- **Wheezing frequency:**
  - 1-3 times/year: 4 points
  - ≥ 4 times/year: 7 points

- **Wheezing/dyspnea apart from colds:**
  - Yes: 2 points
  - No: 0 points

- **Eczema:**
  - Yes: 6 points
  - No: 0 points

Once all input responses are evaluated and corresponding scores assigned, we sum these values to obtain a total score. This total helps in evaluating the child's risk of developing asthma by school age. The interpretation of this score is as follows:

- A total score from 4 to 7 suggests that the risk of asthma by school age is 5% or less.
- A score between 8 and 15 indicates a risk range of 6% to 22%.
- If the score is 16 or higher, the risk is significantly higher, ranging from 25% to 60%.

This systematic approach provides a clear indication of asthma risk, aiding in further medical assessment and potential early intervention.

The Prevention and Incidence of Asthma and Mite Allergy (PIAMA) risk score is a clinical calculator used in the pediatric population, specifically for children aged 1-8 years. This scoring system is designed to predict the risk of developing asthma and mite allergy in children based on various factors such as parental history of asthma or allergies, child's exposure to tobacco smoke, and the presence of eczema or wheezing in the child. The PIAMA score is clinically useful in early identification of children at high risk of developing asthma and mite allergy, allowing for early intervention and management strategies to be implemented. There are no specific exclusion criteria for the use of the PIAMA score, but it is most applicable in children aged 1-8 years with a family history of asthma or allergies.

Prevention and Incidence of Asthma and Mite Allergy risk score (PIAMA score)