Adverse reactions
- Common adverse reactions associated with aztreonam IV and IM include abdominal pain, anemia, angioedema, increased blood eosinophil count, bronchospasm, candidiasis, chest pain, confusion, diaphoresis, diarrhea, diplopia, dizziness, dysgeusia, dyspnea, encephalopathy, erythema multiforme, exfoliative dermatitis, fever, gastrointestinal bleeding, halitosis, headache, hypotension, injection site reaction, insomnia, jaundice, malaise, nasal congestion, nausea, oral ulcers, pancytopenia, paresthesia, petechiae, phlebitis, increased platelet count, premature ventricular contractions, pseudomembranous colitis, purpura, seizure, skin erythema, skin flushing, skin rash, sneezing, tinnitus, toxic epidermal necrolysis, urticaria, vaginitis, vertigo, vomiting, increased WBC count, and weakness
Use in pregnancy
- Aztreonam should be used in pregnant patients only if the benefits outweigh the potential risks. There have been no adequate, well-controlled studies of aztreonam in pregnant women, and data on aztreonam use during pregnancy are insufficient to inform a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes
Warnings and precautions
- Aztreonam should be used with caution in patients with a history of bronchospasm, and a bronchodilator should be used prior to the administration of aztreonam INH . Additionally, the occurrence of diarrhea after antibacterial use should be monitored, as it may indicate pseudomembranous colitis
In conclusion, aztreonam is a versatile antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, with specific dosage and administration guidelines. It is generally well tolerated, but like all medications, it can cause adverse reactions and should be used with caution in certain populations, such as pregnant women and those with a history of bronchospasm.