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epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestation, risk factors of acute colonic pseudo-obstruction

Answer

Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO) is a syndrome characterized by massive dilation of the colon without mechanical obstruction and without an identifiable cause
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Disease

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Disease overview

Pathway
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Epidemiology

Pathophysiology

  • The pathophysiology of ACPO is not completely understood but is thought to result from an imbalance in the autonomic regulation of colonic motor function
  • Metabolic or pharmacological factors, as well as spinal or retroperitoneal trauma, may alter the autonomic regulation of colonic function, leading to excessive parasympathetic suppression or sympathetic stimulation. This imbalance results in colonic atony and dilation

Clinical manifestations

  • ACPO presents as a syndrome of massive dilation of the colon without mechanical obstruction
  • The condition can lead to significant complications, including ischemia and perforation, particularly when the cecal diameter exceeds 12 cm and when the distention has been present for more than 6 days

Risk factors

In conclusion, ACPO is a serious condition with significant morbidity and mortality. Early recognition and appropriate management are essential to reduce the occurrence of life-threatening complications

References

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Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction

Disease

Disease overview

Pathway