Definition
Tinea versicolor, also known as pityriasis versicolor, is a superficial fungal infection of the skin caused by
Malassezia species, which are lipophilic yeasts that are part of the normal skin flora.
Epidemiology
- Tinea versicolor has a worldwide distribution, but its prevalence in the general population is not well-documented
- A study conducted on young Italian sailors found a prevalence of 2.1% in this specific population
Pathophysiology
- The condition is caused by Malassezia species, which are part of the normal skin flora.
- These yeasts can transform into a pathogenic mycelial form under certain conditions, leading to the development of tinea versicolor.
Clinical course
- Tinea versicolor is characterized by hypopigmented or hyperpigmented macules and patches on the skin, often on the trunk and proximal extremities.
- The condition is usually chronic and can recur, especially in warm and humid climates.
Prognosis
- The prognosis for tinea versicolor is generally good with appropriate treatment.
- However, the condition can recur, particularly in individuals with a history of the disease
Risk factors
- A significant association has been found between a previous history of tinea versicolor and the development of the condition
- Other potential risk factors include warm and humid climates, which can promote the transformation of Malassezia species into their pathogenic form.
In conclusion, tinea versicolor is a superficial fungal infection caused by
Malassezia species, with a worldwide distribution. The condition is characterized by hypopigmented or hyperpigmented macules and patches on the skin, and it can recur, particularly in individuals with a history of the disease. The prognosis is generally good with appropriate treatment, although the condition can recur, especially in warm and humid climates.