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Pyomyositis

Guidelines

Key sources

The following summarized guidelines for the evaluation and management of pyomyositis are prepared by our editorial team based on guidelines from the Korean Society of Infectious Diseases (KSID/KDA/KOA/KSC 2017) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA 2014).
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Diagnostic investigations

Diagnostic imaging: as per KDA/KOA/KSC/KSID 2017 guidelines, obtain MRI as the preferred imaging for pyomyositis. Consider obtaining CT as another option.
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  • Blood and abscess culture

Medical management

Antibiotic therapy: as per KDA/KOA/KSC/KSID 2017 guidelines, administer empiric antibiotics active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in patients with pyomyositis.
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Therapeutic procedures

Abscess drainage: as per KDA/KOA/KSC/KSID 2017 guidelines, perform early drainage and removal of purulent material.
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Follow-up and surveillance

Imaging follow-up: as per KDA/KOA/KSC/KSID 2017 guidelines, consider obtaining imaging (MRI and/or CT) in patients not responding to the treatment to evaluate whether the purulent material has been properly drained or removed.
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