TNM classification for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma
Tumor classification
Tx: Primary tumor cannot be assessed
T0: No evidence of primary tumor
Tis: Carcinoma in situ/high-grade dysplasia
T1: Tumor confined to bile duct with extension up to muscle layer or fibrous tissue
T2a: Tumor invading beyond wall of bile duct to surrounding adipose tissue
T2b: Tumor invading adjacent hepatic parenchyma
T3: Tumor invading unilateral branches of portal vein or hepatic artery
T4: Tumor invading any of following: main portal vein or its branches bilaterally, or common hepatic artery; unilateral second-order biliary radicals with contralateral portal vein or hepatic artery involvement
Lymph node classification
Nx: Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed
N0: No regional lymph node metastasis
N1: 1-3 positive lymph nodes typically involving hilar, cystic duct, common bile duct, hepatic artery, posterior pancreatoduodenal, and portal vein lymph nodes
N2: ≥ 4 positive lymph nodes from sites described for N1
Metastasis classification
M0: No distant metastasis
M1: Distant metastasis present
Stage cannot be fully assessed
Reference
Amin, M.B., Edge et al. AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. AJCC. 2017.
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