TNM classification for duodenal neuroendocrine tumors
Tumor classification
Tx: Primary tumor cannot be assessed
T0: No evidence of primary tumor
T1: Tumor ≤ 1 cm and invades mucosa or submucosa only, confined within sphincter of Oddi for ampullary tumors
T2: Tumor > 1 cm or invades muscularis propria for duodenal tumors and
ades through sphincter into duodenal submucosa or muscularis propria for ampullary tumors
T3: Tumor invades pancreas or peripancreatic adipose tissue
T4: Tumor invades visceral peritoneum or other organs
Lymph node classification
Nx: Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed
N0: No regional lymph node metastasis
N1: Regional lymph nodes metastases present
Distant metastasis
M0: No distant metastasis
M1a: Metastasis confined to liver
M1b: Metastases in ≥ 1 extrahepatic site, such as lung, ovary, nonregional lymph node, peritoneum, and bone
M1c: Metastases in both hepatic and extrahepatic sites
Stage cannot be fully assessed
Reference
Amin, M.B., Edge et al. AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. AJCC. 2017.
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